morphometric and meristic variations in bream (abramis brama orientalis, berg, 1949) during larval development

this study was conducted to examine morphometric and meristic characteristics alongside pigmentation patterns of bream larvae, abramis brama orientalis, in four stages of larval development. morphological characters including total length (tl), standard length (sl), notochord length (nl), head length (hl), head depth (hd), eye diameter (ed) and mouth width (mw) were examined from hatching time through 30 days after hatching (dah). the results showed morphometric variations in the different larval stages. growth and development of fins occurred mainly at the post flexion stage with the completion of caudal fin at 9 mm tl and pelvic fin at 13.33 mm tl. at all larval stages, the highest concentration of pigments was seen on dorsal, ventral and somewhat on the lateral sides of body in descending order. the highest density of melanophores at larvae yolk sac stage was observed on the yolk sac and the back of head zone, while at preflexion and flexion stages melanophores were dominant on the back of head and on the skin folds which resulted from yolk absorption. at post flexion stage, high density of melanophores was found on the back of the head, bases of fins and caudal fin, while less concentrations of these cells were evident on the lateral sides of fish' body. in conclusion, a clear change in the growth and main morphological characters were observed in postflexion stage. this may be due to the main development of fins, which would suggest enhanced swimming capabilities and also prey capture efficiencies.